This project will examine the housing consequences of Interstate 10 in New Orleans. Specifically, the author will examine whether the construction of Interstate 10 resulted in differential housing outcomes in Black neighborhoods, compared to White neighborhoods. The author has created historical interstate data from the U.S. Geological Survey, the National Historical Geographic Information System, and additional census tract characteristics, including racial demographics, total housing units, owner-occupied housing units, and median home value. This study has the potential to shape the multidisciplinary literature examining the impact of highways, public railways, and other types of transportation infrastructure on neighborhoods. 

This project seeks to empirically investigate the incidence and consequences of participation in multiple income support programs. The author proposes harnessing rich internal administrative records from the state of Virginia on program application and participation—covering the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, Medicaid, child care assistance, energy assistance, and other programs—to accomplish three objectives: Producing descriptive statistics on the frequency of multiple-program participation and the characteristics of enrollees; estimating the causal effects of multiple-program participation on various dimensions of family well-being, including earnings, the duration of program participation, and interactions with the criminal justice system for adults and children; and evaluating the efficacy of multiple-program participation and the combinations of programs that have the largest effects on improving the economic well-being of those served. Although many individuals participate in multiple income support programs, there is little research examining outcomes. The unique administrative data here will allow the author to examine these realities with a higher degree of accuracy over time than has been the case with survey data.  

Due to federal American Indian policy, thousands of formerly enslaved people, or “freedmen,” and their descendants became landowners in present-day Oklahoma during the early 1900s. Over the following three decades, Oklahoma experienced an unexpected and unprecedented oil boom, from which a small fraction of these landholders profited. This research focuses on a specific subset of these landholders—Creek Freedmen—and estimates the causal effects of oil discoveries on their land on their socioeconomic outcomes and those of their descendants. In preliminary work, the author finds that oil discovery has effects in the very short term: Landholders who found oil at all appeared to be more geographically mobile, have higher-status occupations, and invest more in their children’s human capital. This research is poised to generate insight into how large exogenous influxes of resources into Black households may affect wealth and well-being in the near- and long-term. The focus on descendants of enslaved people links the historical work to contemporary discussions about reparations and racial wealth inequality.   

This project will first attempt to find the causal effect of exposure to the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children in-utero and in childhood on one’s long-term outcomes. She will utilize a difference-in-difference design to exploit the variation in roll-out of WIC programs by county and evaluate educational attainment and economic self-sufficiency in adulthood. Using a regression discontinuity design, she will also test whether WIC funding was actually distributed to counties in a nonrandom way. In addition, she plans to examine whether and how the effect of WIC exposure is strengthened if one is also exposed to other large-scale public programs such as Head Start or the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, contributing to our understanding of the long-run effects of potentially complementary income support programs.

This project will unpack the association between child care infrastructure, child care employment, and unemployment rates across counties, and examine whether it differs by geography, race, or poverty level. The research team will estimate the racial and ethnic differences in the local availability of child care and then test the relationship between early childhood education and both child care workers’ employment and wages, as well as overall labor force participation. The project will provide a longitudinal national measurement of child care supply at the county level and evaluate whether the stability of publicly funded child care through schooling bolstered local child care employment and earnings.

This project will explore whether reparations can close and have a lasting impact on the racial wealth gap. The research team will examine how parental income, wealth, and education affect offspring’s wealth as adults. Using the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, they estimate an empirical model of the relationship between parents’ and children’s income, wealth, and education. They will then develop a general equilibrium model with endogenous accumulation of physical and human capital by heterogeneous households. Built into the model is an overlapping generations structure, whereby investments in children depend on parents’ income and wealth, and wealth can be inherited across generations. They will then use the model to examine the effect of different reparations policies and their effects on short- and long-run welfare, income, and human capital by race.