Employee Activism: Mobilizing Workers as Corporate Stakeholders

This project seeks to understand the scale, scope, and spread of employee activism, workplace protest, and its impact on corporate stock prices in the United States. The author builds on an existing longitudinal dataset—the Dynamics of Collective Action by Stanford University—to understand employee activism and understand its use as an alternative to employees leaving the firm. She then will attempt to understand how employee activism spreads by tracking the occurrence of employee protests across industry or social movement networks. Finally, she examines how employee activism affects the share price of a corporation.

Tracking Hospital Mergers and Understanding Which Markets are Changing

This project will create a database of hospital mergers over the past 40 years. The database will detail the following: where health systems are merging or divesting to understand which areas/people (including demographic differences) are affected; whether that differs between for-profit and nonprofit hospitals; and whether higher-priced hospitals continue to provide higher-quality care. Beyond the dataset construction, the project will map areas with 2+, 3+, and 4+ hospitals and produce descriptive statistics at various geographic levels. The research team will track the growth in health systems that resulted from acquisitions by analyzing whether for-profit health systems were strategically acquiring hospitals in regions with more affluent, privately insured patients. This project will contribute to our understanding of the impacts of hospital mergers on equity, patient access, and quality of care.

Novel Measurement of Childcare Customer and Worker Flows Enables Novel Evidence on Recent Supply-Side Subsidies

This project will examine the impact of supply-side child care investments on access to and stability of child care, as well as whether investments in child care vary by neighborhood. Utilizing novel mobile phone data, the authors plan to construct “real-time” measures of customer and worker flow, enabling an in-depth exploration of the dynamics of the child care workforce and consumers at a fine geographic scale with high frequency. They will then use this new data, along with data from a Minnesota grant program from the American Rescue Plan, to answer how funds given directly to providers affect the number and demographics of families served. This project will provide new evidence on the effects of investing in the supply of child care as opposed to supporting the demand side through vouchers or other subsidies.

Janus and the Future of Public Sector Worker Power

This project explores the causes and implications of the resilience of public-sector unions after the U.S. Supreme Court’s decision in Janus v. AFSCME, which effectively made the entire public sector right-to-work. The research team will field a national survey of 4,000 full-time, nonmanagerial, union-eligible public-sector workers to shed light on two questions: Why didn’t the Supreme Court decision in Janus cause a large decrease in public-sector union membership? And what can spark increased unionization efforts among public-sector workers in the United States? This project is poised to inform what options there may be for boosting union membership in the public sector.

The Physics of Reparations: A Quantum Leap in Equity

This project will explore whether reparations can close and have a lasting impact on the racial wealth gap. The research team will examine how parental income, wealth, and education affect offspring’s wealth as adults. Using the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, they estimate an empirical model of the relationship between parents’ and children’s income, wealth, and education. They will then develop a general equilibrium model with endogenous accumulation of physical and human capital by heterogeneous households. Built into the model is an overlapping generations structure, whereby investments in children depend on parents’ income and wealth, and wealth can be inherited across generations. They will then use the model to examine the effect of different reparations policies and their effects on short- and long-run welfare, income, and human capital by race.

Microeconomic and Macroeconomic Implications of Wage Rigidity

This project will unpack the effect of inflation on employment and wages during the current inflationary episode in the United States. They plan to establish stylized empirical facts related to heterogeneity in wage rigidity and the labor market effects of inflation. They will use Longitudinal Employer-Household Dynamics data to study how wage rigidities vary with inflation. The team’s second goal is an extension of an existing theoretical model of the labor market by adding job-to-job mobility, wage renegotiation costs, and multiworker firms to better capture firms’ labor market power.

The Child Care Workforce and COVID: Community Capacity and Investments as Buffers to the Pandemic

This project will unpack the association between child care infrastructure, child care employment, and unemployment rates across counties, and examine whether it differs by geography, race, or poverty level. The research team will estimate the racial and ethnic differences in the local availability of child care and then test the relationship between early childhood education and both child care workers’ employment and wages, as well as overall labor force participation. The project will provide a longitudinal national measurement of child care supply at the county level and evaluate whether the stability of publicly funded child care through schooling bolstered local child care employment and earnings.

Missing pieces in the puzzle: Leveraging untapped archival data to connect New Deal housing policies to racial and spatial inequality

This project will digitize previously thought to be destroyed Federal Housing Administration maps created in the 1930s and 1940s that outline redlining in FHA loans. Furthermore, the authors plan to digitize 10,000 Paid Loan Case files, which describe individual FHA loans. They will then look at how the information in these maps helped decide which neighborhoods were redlined and how important race was in those decisions. Lastly, they will look at who received FHA loans and how these loans affected homeownership.

The Lifecycle Origins of Income Inequality

This project will challenge an accepted finding in economics on the lifecycle pattern of inequality—namely, that inequality increases with age within a birth cohort. The research team builds on existing research from the Global Repository of Income Dynamics database to develop a model to explain an observation in the data that inequality is generated more from differences in childhood experiences such as parental income or school quality than from labor market experiences.